HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF A DC MOTOR SPEED, DIRECTION CONTROL&REGENERATIVE BRAKING

Abstract

Direct Current (DC) motors are extensively used in applications such as electric vehicles, industrial systems, and robotics due to their simple speed control and reliable performance. This project focuses on the design and implementation of a DC motor control system capable of regulating speed, changing direction, and incorporating regenerative braking. A potentiometer is used to vary the input voltage for speed control, while an L298N motor driver enables bidirectional operation of the motor. The proposed system also implements regenerative braking, where the kinetic energy of the motor during deceleration is converted into electrical energy instead of being dissipated as heat. The recovered energy can be utilized to power auxiliary loads or stored for future use, thereby improving overall system efficiency. The developed system is simple, cost-effective, and suitable for educational and experimental applications, providing a practical understanding of motor control and energy recovery techniques.