AI-BASED SOLAR-ASSISTED EV CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH FIRE PROTECTION USING ARDUINO

Abstract

The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has created a growing demand for sustainable, reliable, and intelligent charging infrastructure capable of supporting efficient energy management and battery safety. Conventional charging systems primarily depend on grid electricity and often lack advanced battery monitoring and fire protection mechanisms, leading to increased operational costs and potential safety risks. Integrating renewable energy sources such as solar power with intelligent battery management systems offers an effective solution for enhancing charging efficiency while reducing environmental impact. This project presents a Smart Solar Assisted Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicle Applications and EV Battery Management System with Fire Protection Using Arduino. The proposed system combines solar photovoltaic panels, an Arduino-based Battery Management System (BMS), intelligent charging control, battery health monitoring, and an automatic fire protection mechanism into a single integrated platform. Solar energy generated by photovoltaic panels is used to charge the electric vehicle battery through a regulated charging circuit, reducing dependence on conventional power sources. The Arduino controller continuously monitors important battery parameters including voltage, current, temperature, State of Charge (SOC), and charging status using multiple sensors. Whenever abnormal conditions such as battery overheating, overcharging, short circuits, or excessive current are detected, the controller immediately activates the fire protection system and generates warning alerts to prevent battery damage and ensure user safety. The developed system also displays real-time charging information and battery health parameters through an LCD display and supports continuous monitoring of charging performance. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reliable solar charging, accurate battery monitoring, rapid fault detection, and effective fire protection under different operating conditions. The proposed smart charging infrastructure improves renewable energy utilization, enhances battery safety, extends battery life, reduces operational costs, and supports the development of sustainable, intelligent, and environmentally friendly electric vehicle charging systems.